| Herbicide |
Amount/Acre |
R.E.I.+ |
P.H.I.+ |
| (trade name) |
|
(hours) |
(days) |
|
| When choosing a
pesticide, consider information relating to environmental impact. Not all registered pesticides are listed. Always read label of product being used. |
| |
| PREPLANT |
| A. |
METAM SODIUM* |
50–75 gal |
48 |
NA |
| |
(Vapam) |
| |
COMMENTS:
Fumigants such as metam sodium are a source of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) but are minimally reactive with other air contaminants that form
ozone. Fumigate only as a last resort when other management strategies have not been successful or are not available. |
| |
| STAND
ESTABLISHMENT |
| A. |
GLYPHOSATE |
| |
(Roundup) |
0.25–5 lb a.i. |
4 |
0 |
| |
|
0.25–5 qt |
|
| |
.
. . or . . . |
| |
(Touchdown) |
0.375–3.75 lb a.i. |
4 |
0 |
| |
|
0.5–5 qt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A nonselective foliar herbicide used to control small annual weeds in
finished beds before the asparagus emerges. Asparagus emerged at the time of treatment will be killed. |
| |
| B. |
PARAQUAT* |
0.65–1 lb a.i. |
12 |
see label |
| |
(Gramoxone Inteon) |
2.6-4 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 22 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A nonselective foliar herbicide without soil activity applied as a band or
broadcast treatment before or after planting, but before the asparagus
emerges. Asparagus that has emerged at the time of application will be
killed. Apply when weeds are succulent and less than 16 inches high; larger
weeds are less affected. Surfactant is needed. Late afternoon applications increase activity. |
| |
| C. |
PELARGONIC ACID |
2.25–14 gal/broadcast acre |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Scythe) |
3%–7% spray solution |
|
| |
MODE OF ACTION: Unknown. |
| |
COMMENTS:
A contact, nonselective foliar herbicide without residual activity. The
degree of control is greater when weeds are actively growing, small, and
immature; larger weeds are less affected. Apply as a band treatment over the
crop row or as a broadcast treatment at or before planting. Provides control
of annuals and some suppression of perennials. For best results, target weeds
should be thoroughly wetted with spray solution but not to the point of
runoff. Use 75-200 gal spray solution/broadcast acre, with higher volume used
when weed density is high. A 3-5% solution is sufficient for most annual weeds while perennial or large annual weeds require a 7% solution. |
| |
| D. |
LINURON |
0.5–1 lb a.i. |
24 |
1 |
| |
(Lorox) |
1–2 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Can be applied over the top to direct-seeded, transplanted, or crown
plantings when ferns have 6–18 inches of growth. Has excellent activity
on small emerged annual weeds. Do not apply with an adjuvant or in a fertilizer mix. |
| |
| E. |
SETHOXYDIM |
0.281–0.468 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Poast) |
1.5–2.5 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
For use on direct-seeded or transplanted plantings. Apply to actively growing
grasses that are not under moisture stress; best applied 2–4 days after
a rain or irrigation. Apply in 10–20 gal water plus an oil concentrate
at the rate of 1 qt/acre. Rates dependent on grass size and species. Follow label instructions regarding the use of adjuvants. |
| |
| F. |
DIURON |
0.8–1.6 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Karmex, etc.) |
1–2 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS:
For use on crown-planted plants in the San Joaquin Delta only. Considered to
be a groundwater contaminant and requires a use permit within Groundwater
Protection Areas. Soils should have greater than 2% organic matter; crowns
must be buried at least 2 inches deep. Use lower rates on coarse-textured soils. |
| |
| G. |
FLUAZIFOP-P-BUTYL |
0.19 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Fusilade DX) |
12 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
For use on asparagus that is either direct-seeded, transplanted, or crown
planted. Apply in 20–40 gal water/acre along with a 1% crop oil
concentrate. Rates depend on grass size and species. Follow label instructions regarding the use of adjuvants. |
| |
| ESTABLISHED
CUTTING BEDS |
| Preemergence (When spears are not present) |
| A. |
GLYPHOSATE |
| |
(Roundup) |
0.25–5 lb a.i. |
4 |
0 |
| |
|
0.25–5 qt |
|
| |
.
. . or . . . |
| |
(Touchdown) |
0.375–3.75 lb a.i. |
4 |
0 |
| |
|
0.5–5 qt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A nonselective foliar herbicide used to control small annual weeds in
finished beds before spears emerge. Asparagus spears emerged at the time of
treatment will be damaged and should be discarded. Use the higher rate to control perennial weeds. |
| |
| B. |
PARAQUAT* |
0.65–1 lb a.i. |
12 |
see label |
| |
(Gramoxone Inteon) |
2.6–4 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 22 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A nonselective foliar herbicide without soil activity applied as a band or
broadcast treatment before spears emerge. Asparagus that has emerged at the
time of application will be damaged. Apply when weeds are succulent and 16
inches high; larger weeds are less affected. Surfactant is needed. Late afternoon applications increase activity. |
| |
| C. |
PELARGONIC ACID |
2.25–14 gal/broadcast acre |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Scythe) |
3%–7% spray solution |
|
| |
MODE OF ACTION: Unknown. |
| |
COMMENTS:
A contact, nonselective foliar herbicide without residual activity. The
degree of control is greater when weeds are actively growing, small, and
immature; larger weeds are less affected. Apply as a band treatment over the
crop row or as a broadcast treatment at or before planting. Provides control
of annuals and some suppression of perennials. For best results, target weeds
should be thoroughly wetted with spray solution but not to the point of
runoff. Use 75-200 gal spray solution/broadcast acre, with higher volume used
when weed density is high. A 3-5% solution is sufficient for most annual weeds while perennial or large annual weeds require a 7% solution. |
| |
| D. |
METRIBUZIN |
0.9975–1.995 lb a.i. |
12 |
14 |
| |
(Sencor) DF 75 |
1.33–2.66 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 5 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to soil; metribuzin has both soil and foliar activity on newly emerged
annual weeds. Soil should not be moved after application. Rainfall or irrigation necessary for activation of this herbicide. |
| |
| E. |
DIURON |
0.8–3.2 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Karmex, etc.) |
1–4 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply as a band or broadcast treatment to weedfree beds no earlier than 4
weeks before spears emerge; a second application may be made following
harvest. Incorporate mechanically or with irrigation if rainfall does not
occur. Considered to be a groundwater contaminant and requires a use permit within
Groundwater Protection Areas. Do not use on soils with less than 2% organic matter; use lower rates on coarse-textured soils. |
| |
| F. |
NAPROPAMIDE |
4 lb a.i. |
24 |
0 |
| |
(Devrinol) 50 DF |
8 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to weed-free soil in established beds. Requires shallow (1–2
inch) mechanical incorporation, and if rain fall does not occur, it must be irrigated. |
| |
| G. |
TRIFLURALIN |
0.5–2 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Treflan, and others) |
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to established asparagus after bed preparation but before spears
emerge. Trifluralin has no postemergence activity on weeds and must be
mechanically incorporated immediately after application with disks or rolling
cultivators in two directions or with a power driven incorporator in one direction. Higher rates necessary for the suppression of field bindweed. |
| |
| H. |
LINURON |
0.5–1 lb a.i. |
24 |
1 |
| |
(Lorox) |
1–2 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A soil-applied herbicide noted for its foliar activity on small seedling,
broadleaf weeds and for its relatively short soil residual activity. Can be
applied immediately after cutting, but do not harvest within one day after
application. Do not apply more than 4 lb a.i./acre/season with a maximum of 3 applications/year. |
| |
| I. |
FLUAZIFOP-P-BUTYL |
0.1875 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Fusilade) DX |
12 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Do not apply more than 24 fl oz/acre/season. Do not make sequential applications at less than a 3-week interval. |
| |
| J. |
SETHOXYDIM |
0.281–0.468 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Poast) |
1.5–2.5 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to actively growing grasses that are not under moisture stress; best
applied 1-2 days after a rain or irrigation. Rate depends on grass size and species. Follow label instructions regarding the use of adjuvants. |
| |
| K. |
FLUMIOXAZIN |
0.188 lb a.i.. |
12 |
14 |
| |
(Chateau) |
6 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 14 |
| |
COMMENTS: Apply no less than 14 days before spears emerge and before
weeds emerge, or burn weeds back with a tank-mix material. Requires 0.25 inch of rainfall or irrigation to activate the material. |
| |
| L. |
HALOSULFURON |
0.023–0.047 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Sandea) |
0.5–1 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 2 |
| |
COMMENTS: May be applied before harvest season. Works best on
nutsedge when it is actively growing (i.e. following an irrigation). Do not use adjuvant with any applications made before or during harvest. Check label for regional constraints. |
| |
| ESTABLISHED CUTTING BEDS |
| Postemergence (After spears emerge) |
| A. |
DICAMBA* |
0.25–0.5 lb a.i. |
24 |
1 |
| |
(Banvel) |
0.5–1 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 4 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply immediately after cutting but at least 24 hours before the next
harvest. Postharvest applications should be done as directed sprays to avoid fern contact. Do not use in Coachella Valley. Do not exceed 1 pt/acre/season. |
| |
| B. |
LINURON |
0.5–1 lb a.i. |
24 |
1 |
| |
(Lorox) |
1–2 lb |
|
| |
COMMENTS:
A soil-applied herbicide noted for its foliar activity on small seedling,
broadleaf weeds and for its relatively short soil residual activity. Can be
applied immediately after cutting, but do not harvest within one day after
application. Do not apply more than 4 lb a.i./acre/season with a maximum of 3 applications/year. |
| |
| C. |
HALOSULFURON |
0.0234–0.0703 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Sandea) |
0.5–1.5 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 2 |
| |
COMMENTS:
May be applied before or during harvest season. Works best on nutsedge when
it is actively growing (i.e. following an irrigation). Do not use adjuvant
with any applications made before or during harvest. Check label for regional constraints. |
| |
| D. |
FLUAZIFOP-P-BUTYL |
0.1875 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Fusilade) DX |
12 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Do not apply more than 24 fl oz/acre/season. Do not make sequential applications at less than a 3-week interval. |
| |
| E. |
SETHOXYDIM |
0.281–0.468 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Poast) |
1.5–2.5 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to actively growing grasses that are not under moisture stress; best
applied 1-2 days after a rain or irrigation. Rate depends on grass size and species. Follow label instructions regarding the use of adjuvants. |
| |
| ESTABLISHED
CUTTING BEDS |
| Postharvest |
| A. |
GLYPHOSATE |
| |
(Roundup) |
0.25–5 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
|
0.25–5 qt |
|
| |
.
. . or . . . |
| |
(Touchdown) |
0.375–3.75 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
|
0.5–5 qt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9 |
| |
COMMENTS:
A nonselective foliar herbicide used to control both annual and perennial
weeds. Use on clean cut beds after all remaining spears have been removed.
Higher rates of application are necessary for the control of perennial weeds.
Direct contact of the spray to asparagus can cause serious injury. Useful as
a spot treatment for the control of perennial weeds at field edges. Do not apply within a week before the first asparagus spears emerge. |
| |
| B. |
HALOSULFURON |
0.0234–0.0703 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Sandea) |
0.5-1.5 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 2 |
| |
COMMENTS:
May be applied at end of harvest season. Under heavy nutsedge pressure split
applications are recommended. Works best on nutsedge when it is actively
growing (i.e. following an irrigation). Use drop nozzles to improve coverage on weeds and reduce contact with fern. |
| |
| C. |
DIURON |
0.8–3.2 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Karmex, etc.) |
1–4 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Can be applied following the harvest period. Do not exceed seasonal application limits. |
| |
| D. |
TRIFLURALIN |
0.5–2 lb a.i. |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Treflan, and others) |
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Can be mechanically incorporated to suppress bermudagrass and other grasses following the harvest period but before fern growth. |
| |
| E. |
LINURON |
0.5–1 lb a.i. |
24 |
1 |
| |
(Lorox) |
1–2 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7 |
| |
COMMENTS: Can be used as a directed spray to the base of the fern. |
| |
| F. |
FLUAZIFOP-P-BUTYL |
0.1875 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Fusilade) DX |
12 oz |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS: Can be used before the fern stage to suppress bermudagrass and other grasses. |
| |
| G. |
SETHOXYDIM |
0.281–0.468 lb a.i. |
12 |
1 |
| |
(Poast) |
1.5–2.5 pt |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Apply to actively growing grasses that are not under moisture stress; best
applied 1-2 days after a rain or irrigation. Rate depends on grass size and species. Follow label instructions regarding the use of adjuvants. |
| |
| H. |
METRIBUZIN |
0.9975–1.995 lb a.i. |
12 |
14 |
| |
(Sencor) DF 75 |
1.33–2.66 lb |
|
| |
WSSA
MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 5 |
| |
COMMENTS: Apply after last harvest of the season but before fern growth begins. |
| |
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