| Herbicide |
Amount/Acre |
R.E.I.+ |
P.H.I.+ |
| (trade name) |
|
(hours) |
(days) |
|
| When choosing a
pesticide, consider information relating to environmental quality. Not all
registered pesticides are listed. Always read label of product being used. |
| |
| FALLOW
BEDS |
| A. |
OXYFLUORFEN |
0.25–0.5 lb a.i. |
|
|
| |
(Goal) 2XL |
1–2 pt |
24 |
0 |
| |
(GoalTender) |
0.5–1 pt |
24 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 14 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Provides both preemergent and postemergent control of broadleaf annuals. Rate
depends on the size of weeds; it also affects the treatment-to-planting
interval on direct-seeded peppers, which varies from 90 days at the low rate
to 120 days at the higher rate. Work the beds with a rolling cultivator or
similar tool to a depth of 2.5 inches before planting to avoid crop injury, which
can result if beds are not thoroughly worked before planting or if seedling
peppers are stressed. Once the beds have been worked, the effectiveness of
the material is greatly diminished and will no longer provide weed control.
Can be applied 30 days or more before transplanting and 90 (for 0.5 pt/acre
GoalTender formulation; 1 pt/acre Goal formulation) to 120 (1 pt/acre
GoalTender ormulation; 2 pt/acre Goal formulation) days before direct
seeding. Work the beds similar to direct-seeded peppers. This herbicide lasts
4–8 weeks in the soil and has a 10-month plantback restriction for nonlabeled crops. |
| |
| PREFORMED
BEDS |
| A. |
PARAQUAT* |
0.49–1 lb. a.i. |
|
|
| |
(Gramoxone Inteon) |
1.96–4 pt |
24 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 22 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
nonselective foliar herbicide that controls only emerged plants and has no
residual activity. Applied as a band treatment over the crop row or as a
broadcast treatment before seeding or transplanting the peppers or after
seeding but before peppers emerge. Any peppers that have emerged at the time
of application will be killed along with the weeds. Controls annual weeds and
provides some suppression of perennials. Poor control of cheeseweed. Apply
when weeds are succulent and from 1–6 inches high; larger weeds are
more difficult to control. Apply in 20–60 gal water/acre (10 gal by
air) with a nonionic surfactant added at the rate of 8–32 oz/100 gal.
Use the high surfactant rate with cereals and heavy weed infestations. Late
afternoon applications increase activity. Do not apply when weather conditions favor drift. |
| |
| B. |
GLYPHOSATE |
0.55–4.5375 lb a.i. |
|
|
| |
(Roundup Powermax) |
Label rates |
4 |
14 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
nonselective foliar herbicide that can be used up to 3 days before direct
seeding takes place. The rate depends upon the weed species present and to
some extent on weed size; control is poor when weeds exceed the maximum size
indicated on the label. Cheeseweed and burning nettle require the higher
rate, as do perennials. Annual weeds are best controlled when small. Apply in
3–20 gal water. Glyphosate provides good annual weed control and some
suppression of perennial weeds. Control of perennials improves with late
summer or fall applications during noncrop periods when perennials are actively growing. |
| |
| C. |
CARFENTRAZONE |
0.0296 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Shark) |
2 fl oz |
12 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 14 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
nonselective, burndown application that can be used before transplanting
peppers when weeds are less than 4 inches tall or in rosettes less than 3 inches across. |
| |
| D. |
PELARGONIC ACID |
| |
(Scythe) |
3–5% v/v in 75 to 200 gal water/acre |
12 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 27 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
nonselective, burndown application that can be used before seeding or transplanting peppers. The smaller the weeds, the more effective the control. |
| |
| PREPLANT |
| A. |
METAM SODIUM* |
50–75 gal/treated acre |
48 |
0 |
| |
(various trade names) |
| |
COMMENTS: Soil
fumigant. Beds must be free of clods and moist (50–60% field capacity).
Weed seeds must be imbibed with water and ready to germinate for best
results. Soil temperatures should be between 40° to 90°F at a 3-inch depth. Broadcast
rate is 50–75 gal/acre, but typically a 6-inch band is treated using
5–7.5 gal/crop acre (single row planting of peppers). Applications are
made using a spray blade cutting 2–3 inches below the soil surface,
depending on soil moisture. Disk hillers follow directly behind the spray
blade and form a 3- to 5-inch dirt cap over the treated area. Dirt caps are
removed and allowed to air before planting. The label requires a 14-day
preplant interval between application and planting. Avoid moving untreated
soil into the banded area. This treatment is effective against nightshade and
many other weeds. Other methods of application include incorporation with a
power driven rotary tiller to a depth of 3 inches and rolled to obtain a good
seal; application by 2 fertilizer shanks adapted to treat the soil profile to
12-inch depth and a soil cap to seal; or application with a 3-tiered blade
injector to a depth of 10–14 inches and the use of a soil cap to seal.
Deep placement is not necessary for weed control, but does control other
pests such as nematodes and soilborne diseases. It can be applied as a soil
drench and is commonly applied through the drip system on beds with or without plastic mulch. |
| |
| B. |
BENSULIDE |
4–6 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Prefar) 4EC |
4–6 qt |
12 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 8 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
preplant incorporated herbicide that controls annual grasses, but not wild
oats or volunteer cereals, and certain broadleaf weeds such as purslane and
pigweed. Apply in 10–50 gal water/acre and incorporate to a depth of
1–3 inches; bensulide can also be applied by chemigation or by surface
application followed by sprinkler irrigation for incorporation. This material
has a long residual (6 months or more in some soils) and 120-day plantback restriction for nonlabeled crops. |
| |
| C. |
NAPROPAMIDE |
1–2 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Devrinol) 2EC |
2–4 qt |
24 |
0 |
| |
(Devrinol) 50DF |
2–4 lb |
24 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
preplant incorporated herbicide; the rate of application of this material
depends on soil type. Incorporate to a depth of 1–3 inches soon after
application to prevent loss. Band applications are frequently used to reduce
cost. Controls most annual grasses and broadleaves, but not nightshades,
mustards, horseweed, or flaxleaf fleabane. It has a long residual and can
cause problems on crops such as lettuce, sugarbeet, and cereals planted in rotation. |
| |
| D. |
TRIFLURALIN |
0.5–1 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Treflan) 4L |
1– 2 pt |
12 |
0 |
| |
(Treflan) TR-10 |
5–10 lb |
12 |
0 |
| |
and others |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Trifluralin is labeled for transplanted peppers only. Rate depends on soil
type. It is volatile and must be immediately incorporated to avoid loss. It
provides good season long control of many annual grasses and broadleaves as
well as partial control of seedling field bindweed. Apply in 5–40 gal
water/acre and incorporate into the top 2–3 inches of the bed before transplanting. Keep treated soil above the roots. |
| |
| E. |
PENDIMETHALIN |
0.475–1.425 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Prowl H2O) |
1–3 pt |
24 |
70 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Labeled for transplanted peppers only as either a broadcast pretransplant
surface application before transplanting or as a post-directed spray
targeting the soil at the base of the plants to avoid contacting the foliage.
Sufficient rainfall or irrigation is needed to activate the herbicide after a
post-directed application. Must be applied before weed emergence. Apply lower
rates to coarse-textured soils and higher rates to heavier fine-textured soils. |
| |
| F. |
S-METOLACHLOR |
0.96–1.59 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Dual Magnum 7.62) |
1–1.67 pt |
24 |
60 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Labeled under a 24C registration for use on transplanted (pretransplant and
layby) and direct-seeded (layby only) bell and chili peppers. Use the lower
rate on coarse, sandy soils and the higher rate on silt and clay soils. Apply
as a surface broadcast application with ground application equipment before
planting or as a broadcast application within 48 hours after planting. Apply
in a minimum of 10 gallons of water per acre. The label states "do not
incorporate" and it is assumed that sprinkler irrigation incorporates this herbicide sufficiently into the soil to activate it. |
| |
| POSTPLANT |
| A. |
SETHOXYDIM |
0.28 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Poast) 1.5EC |
1.5 pt |
12 |
20 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS: A
systemic herbicide that controls most annual and perennial grasses. Apply in
10–20 gal water; add a crop oil concentrate at the rate of 1 qt/acre.
Grasses must be at the proper size, well watered, and actively growing for
good control. This treatment can be repeated up to 3 times/season with a
preharvest interval of 20 days. Read label for restrictions regarding tank mixes. |
| |
| B. |
NAPROPAMIDE |
1–2 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Devrinol) 50DF |
2–4 lb |
24 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15 |
| |
COMMENTS: Apply
the recommended amount of napropamide to the soil surface immediately after
transplanting. It may be applied over the top of the plants. Use 20–50
gal spray/acre and make sure that the material reaches the zone of weed seed
germination. Use overhead sprinkler irrigation to wet the soil to a depth of 2–4 inches. |
| |
| C. |
CLETHODIM |
0.09093–0.12 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Select Max) |
12–16 fl oz |
24 |
20 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1 |
| |
COMMENTS: A systemic herbicide that controls annual and perennial
grasses. For ground applications, apply in 10 to 40 gal of spray
solution/acre; add a crop oil concentrate at the rate of 1% v/v in the
finished spray volume. Grasses must be at the proper size (see label), well
watered, and actively growing for good control. Make repeat applications at a minimum interval of 14 days. Do not apply more than 64 fl oz/season. |
| |
| D. |
HALOSULFURON |
0.37–0.75 oz a.i. |
|
| |
(Sandea) |
0.5–1 oz |
12 |
30 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 2 |
| |
COMMENTS: For
use on seed and transplant peppers for the control of nutsedge. Apply as a
directed spray or with shields to avoid contact with the crop. Injury may
result if the spray contacts the foliage. Use of 0.25 to 0.5% v/v of nonionic
surfactant is recommended. Use of crop oil concentrate or silicone
surfactants is not recommended due to increased risk of injury. Do not apply
halosulfuron if a soil application of an organophosphate insecticide has been
made. Do not apply a foliar organophosphate insecticide within 21 days before
or 7 days after any halosulfuron treatment. Not for use in Imperial and Riverside counties. |
| |
| E. |
CARFENTRAZONE |
0.0296 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Shark) |
2 fl oz |
12 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 14 |
| |
COMMENTS: May
be applied to the row middles using a hooded sprayer. Take care to keep the spray material off the crop. |
| |
| F. |
S-METOLACHLOR |
0.96–1.59 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Dual Magnum 7.62) |
1–1.67 pt |
24 |
60 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Labeled under a 24C registration for use on transplanted (pretransplant and
layby) and direct-seeded (layby only) bell and chili peppers. Use the lower
rate on coarse, sandy soils and the higher rate on silt and clay soils. Apply
as a surface broadcast application with ground application equipment before
planting or as a broadcast application within 48 hours after planting. Apply
in a minimum of 10 gallons of water per acre. The label states "do not
incorporate" and it is assumed that sprinkler irrigation incorporates this herbicide sufficiently into the soil to activate it. |
| |
| G. |
PENDIMETHALIN |
0.475–1.425 lb a.i. |
|
| |
(Prowl H2O) |
1–3 pt |
24 |
70 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3 |
| |
COMMENTS:
Labeled for transplanted peppers only. Registered for use as a broadcast
pretransplant surface application before transplanting or as a post-directed
application to transplanted peppers. It can be applied as a post-directed
spray to the soil at the base of the plants, avoiding contact with foliage.
Following post-directed application, sufficient rainfall or irrigation is
needed to activate the herbicide. Must be applied before weed emergence.
Apply lower rates to coarse-textured soils and higher rates to heavier fine-textured soils. |
| |
| H. |
PELARGONIC ACID |
| |
(Scythe) |
3–5% v/v in 75 to 200 gal water/acre |
12 |
0 |
| |
WSSA MODE OF
ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 27 |
| |
COMMENTS: May
be applied to the row middles using a hooded sprayer. Take care to keep the spray material off the crop. |
| |
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