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How to Manage Pests
UC Pest Management Guidelines
Grape
Delayed-Dormant and Bud Break Monitoring (Wine/Raisin Grapes)
(Reviewed 6/06,
updated 10/08)
In this Guideline:
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Monitor vines and spurs once during the delayed
dormant season and once at bud break to check for cutworms,
mealybugs, ants, thrips, and mites. Spurs are
one-year-old canes that were pruned back to 1 to 2 buds at pruning.
Use monitoring form with
detailed treatment threshold information (example
form—).
- On a warm day (65°F or above), monitor 20 vines by looking at 5 randomly selected
vines per quadrant of the vineyard. For the best estimate of pest distribution,
monitor fewer vines in more locations. Be sure to include those areas, however,
where you have noticed pests in the past.
- Monitor
vines following the guidelines below. For spur monitoring choose a spur on the
basal portion of a cordon closest to the crown.
- Record your observations on a monitoring form.
| Pests |
Monitoring procedures |
Treatment threshold |
| cutworms |
Examine
5 buds for damage (hollowed buds).
If
damage is present, look for cutworms under bark, on cordons, trunk, and at soil level. |
Don't
treat if less than 4% of the buds per location are damaged. |
| pseudococcus mealybugs (grape,
obscure, longtailed) |
Look
for crawlers under loose bark at the spur tip.
Along
Central Coast, also look for more mature obscure and longtailed mealybugs at base of spur, under bark. |
Treat if 1 out of 5 spurs is infested. |
| vine mealybugs |
Look for nymphs and females under bark at graft
union, in old pruning wounds in the trunk, and below the base of the spur
(old remnant egg sacs may be found). In sandy soils, look at soil level and at roots. |
Treat
during the delayed dormant period and again at bloom if vine mealybug is
present. If treatment is needed, remove bark before spraying trunk and cordons. |
| ants |
Look
for ants. If found, look more closely for mealybugs or European fruit lecanium. |
Identify areas of concern for spring monitoring. |
| mites |
Look
under loose bark on spur tip for orange overwintering form of Pacific or Willamette spider mite. |
Identify areas of concern for bloom monitoring. |
| thrips |
Open shoots or gently tap buds over white paper to check for thrips. |
Treatment may be necessary if damage increases and temperatures remain cool. |
IMPORTANT LINKS
![[UC Peer Reviewed]](/IMAGES/logo-ucpeerreviewed.jpg)
UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Grape
UC ANR Publication 3448
General Information
L. G. Varela (Crop Team Leader), UC IPM Program, Sonoma County
W. J. Bentley, UC IPM Program, Kearney Agricultural Research Center, Parlier
D. R. Haviland, UC IPM Program, Kern County
P. A. Phillips, UC IPM Program, Ventura County
R. J. Smith, UC Cooperative Extension Sonoma County
A. Shrestha, UC IPM Program, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
Acknowledgment for contributions to Year-Round Program for Wine and Raisin Grapes:
E. A. Weber, UC Cooperative Extension, Napa County
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