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Pear
Year-Round IPM Program
(Reviewed 3/08, updated 3/08)
These practices are recommended for a monitoring-based IPM program
that reduces water and air quality problems related to pesticide
use. Links take you to information on how to monitor, forms to
use, and management practices. Track your progress through the
year with the annual checklist.
Water quality becomes impaired when pesticides move off-site
and into water. Air quality becomes impaired when volatile
organic compounds move into the atmosphere. Each time
a pesticide application is considered, review the Pesticide
Application Checklist at the bottom of this page for
information on how to minimize air and water quality problems.
Note: This program covers
the major pests of pears; information on additional pests is
included in the Pear Pest Management Guideline.
Dormant/Delayed-dormant season
activities (leaf fall to bud swell) |
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Special issues of concern related to water quality: dormant
sprays, drift, and runoff. |
| What should you be doing during
this period? |
| Take beating
tray samples for pear psylla adults. |
Examine dormant spurs for:
- European red
mite eggs
- Pear rust mite and pearleaf blister mite
- Pear psylla eggs
if sampling in February
Manage if needed according to
PMGs.
Also, note the presence of predatory
mites. Examine shoots for San Jose scale and pear scab
lesions. |
| Look under bark for mealybugs. |
Manage orchard floor
vegetation:
- North Coast: Eliminate weeds and ground cover
before bloom in areas where frost and russeting are likely.
- Delta: Mow resident vegetation or cover crop
before bloom.
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| Monitor orchard temperatures and protect from frost, which
can favor blossom blast. |
Bloom season activities (red bud
to petal fall) |
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Special
issues of concern related to water quality: drift
and runoff from rain. |
| What should you be doing during this period? |
| Examine flower clusters for: |
- Pear psylla eggs
and nymphs
- European red mites
- Pear rust mites
- Caterpillars (green fruitworm, obliquebanded leafroller)
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- Western flower thrips
- Mealybugs (grape, obscure)
- Western boxelder bug eggs and nymphs
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Manage if needed according to
PMGs. |
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Place pheromone traps in
the orchard for:
- Codling moth in late March for mating-disruption and
conventional orchards
- Consperse
stink bug in
early April
- Obliquebanded leafroller in late April
Check traps and keep records
(example
monitoring form—. |
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If using mating disruption for codling moth, place pheromone
dispensers in orchard at biofix. |
When weather conditions promote disease,
time fungicide and antibiotic treatments as needed according
to PMGs:
- Pear scab.
Check leaves and emerging fruit for pear scab lesions
7 to 10 days after an infection period to assess the
effectiveness of treatment.
- Fire blight
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Watch the
orchard for vertebrates and manage as necessary:
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In cold, wet weather note the presence of blossom
blast.
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Fruit development period activities
(petal fall to harvest) |
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Special issues of concern related to
water quality: runoff from irrigation and drift. |
| What should you be doing during this period? |
Take weekly samples and examine
leaves for :
- Pear psylla eggs and nymphs
- European red mites and eggs
- Twospotted spider mites and predatory mites
- Pear
sawfly (pear slug) eggs and larvae
- Aphids
- Katydids or feeding damage
- Pearleaf blister mite damage
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fruit for:
- Pear rust mites at
the calyx
- Mealybugs (grape, obscure) at the calyx
- Codling moth larva or damage
- Obliquebanded leafroller larva or damage
- Plant bug damage (boxelder, lygus, stink)
- Katydid damage after June 30
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Manage according to PMGs. |
Continue to monitor for codling
moth:
- Monitor fruit for damage at 800 to 900 degree-days
from biofix.
- Continue monitoring traps.
- Check fallen fruit on the ground in early July.
Manage if needed according to PMG. |
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Check cover crops and weeds for:
Manage if needed according to PMGs. |
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Continue monitoring weather conditions during rattail
bloom for fire blight. |
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Manage orchard floor vegetation:
- Mow, cultivate, or apply** a postemergent herbicide
to manage ground
cover.
- Survey for escaped winter weeds and emerging annual
and perennial summer weeds.
Keep records (example late-spring
weed survey form—. |
Note the presence of Armillaria
root rot (oak root fungus).
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Special
issues of concern related to water quality: unknown. |
| What should you be doing during this period? |
| Check
fruit for damage caused by: |
- Codling moth
- Obliquebanded leafroller
- Plant bugs (boxelder, lygus, stink)
- Katydids
- Mealybugs (grape, obscure)
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- Pearrleaf blister mite
- Pear rust mite
- San Jose scale
- Pear scab lesions (primary and secondary)
- New or unusual damage or pests
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| Continue checking codling moth traps through mid-September. |
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Special issues of concern related to water quality: unknown. |
| What should you be doing during this period? |
Check top shoots for:
- Pear psylla nymphs and eggs
- Twospotted spider mite
- European red
mite
- Pear rust mite
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- Pearleaf blister mite damage on leaves
- Pear
sawfly (pear slug)
- Pear scab lesions on leaves
and 1-year-old shoots.
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Sample fruit left on trees for codling moth and codling
moth damage.
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Manage orchard floor vegetation:
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**Pesticide application checklist |
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When planning for possible pesticide applications in an
IPM program, review and complete this checklist to consider
practices that minimize environmental and efficacy problems.
- Choose a pesticide from the UC IPM
Pest Management Guidelines for the target pest considering:
- Select an alternative chemical or
nonchemical treatment when risk is high.
- Choose sprayers and application
procedures that keep pesticides on target.
- Identify and take special care to
protect sensitive areas (for example, waterways or
riparian areas) surrounding your application site.
- Review and follow label for pesticide
handling, storage, and disposal guidelines.
- Check and follow restricted entry
intervals (REI) and preharvest intervals (PHI).
- After an application is made, record
application date, product used, rate, and location
of application. Follow up to confirm that treatment
was effective.
- Consider water
management practices that reduce pesticide movement off-site:
- Consider orchard
floor management practices that improve soil structure
and reduce erosion.
- When possible, choose pesticides that are not in
emulsifiable concentrate (EC) form which release
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs react with
sunlight to form a major air pollutant: ozone.
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