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Cherry
Year-Round IPM Program for Cherry
(Reviewed: 11/09, Updated 11/09)
These practices are recommended for a monitoring-based IPM program that enhances pest control and reduces environmental quality problems related to pesticide use.
Water quality becomes impaired when pesticides and sediments move off-site and into water. Air quality becomes impaired when volatile organic compounds (VOCs) move into the atmosphere. Each time a pesticide application is considered, review the Pesticide Application Checklist at the bottom of this page for information on how to minimize air and water quality problems.
This year-round IPM program covers the major pests of cherry. Details on carrying out each practice, example monitoring forms, and information on additional pests can be found in the Cherry Pest Management Guidelines. Track your progress through the year using this annual checklist form.
| What should you be doing at this time? |
Survey weeds and
check for weeds that escaped fall herbicide treatments.
- Record results .
- Adjust herbicides and/or timing accordingly for
future treatments.
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| Apply a dormant or delayed-dormant spray according
to the Cherry Pest Management Guidelines if the orchard has a history of these problems, or if monitoring
indicates a need:
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| Keep area around base of trees free of vegetation
to reduce problems with rodents. |
| Other pests you may see:
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| What should you be doing at this time? |
Look for these pests and their damage. Treat, if needed, according to Cherry Pest Management Guidelines:
- Caterpillars
- Earwigs
- Black cherry aphid
- Western flower thrips
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| Treat when orchard history or weather conditions indicates a need for:
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| Other pests you may see:
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| What should you be doing at this time? |
Look for these pests and treat, if needed, according to
the Cherry Pest Management Guidelines:
- Black cherry aphids
- Caterpillars
- Earwigs
- Peachtree borer
- Western flower thrips
- Armillaria root rot
- Bacterial canker
- Powdery mildew
- Brown rot and Botrytis infections on fruit
- Gophers
- Phytophthora root and crown rot
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| Monitor mites by watching "hot spots" and examining water sprouts for developing infestations. |
Survey weeds in late spring or early summer after summer annuals have germinated.
- Record observations .
- Control with cultivation or postemergence herbicides.
- Keep areas around the base of trees free of vegetation to reduce problems from peachtree borer.
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| What should you be doing at this time? |
| Treat for brown rot, Botrytis fruit rot, or powdery mildew if preharvest conditions indicate a need. |
Examine trees and fruit for X-disease (cherry buckskin) symptoms.
- Mark any infected trees (plan to remove them after a postharvest leafhopper spray).
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Evaluate previous treatments by examining trees
for:
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| Continue to monitor mites by watching "hot spots" and examining water sprouts for developing infestations. |
| Beginlooking for birds and start deterrent management practices before they begin to feed. |
| Sample fruit at harvest to determine the effectiveness of your pest management program. |
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Other pests you may see:
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| What should you be doing at this time? |
| Continue monitoring and treat if needed according to the Cherry Pest Management Guidelines for:
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| Examine any declining trees to determine the cause. Manage according to Cherry Pest Management Guidelines.
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Treat for leafhopper (cherry and mountain) vectors of X-disease (Cherry buckskin) from June through October if disease has been found in (or near) the orchard.
- Remove any infected trees as soon as possible after a leafhopper spray.
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| Collect leaf samples for nutrient analysis June through July. |
| Prune out wood and promptly destroy brush piles before September to help manage these pests:
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Continue to manage weeds in the orchard:
- Control summer perennials such as field bindweed, bermudagrass, and johnsongrass.
- Apply preemergence spray in fall based on weed surveys (combine with postemergence if needed), targeting dandelion, clovers, and curly dock to limit X-disease.
- Keep tree bases free of vegetation to reduce problems with rodents in winter and peachtree borer in summer.
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| Seed cover crop in October – avoid using cloversthat can host the X-disease pathogen and leafhopper vectors: Berseem, crimson, rose, subterranean, and sweet clovers.
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| Other pests you may see:
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Pesticide application checklist |
When planning for possible pesticide applications in an IPM program, review and complete this checklist to consider practices that minimize environmental and efficacy problems.
- Choose a pesticide from the UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines for the target pest, considering:
- Before an application:
- Ensure that spray equipment is properly calibrated to deliver the desired pesticide amounts for optimal coverage. (For more information, see Pesticide Application Equipment and Calibration)
- Use appropriate spray nozzles and pressure to minimize the off-site movement of pesticides.
- Avoid spraying during these conditions to avoid off-site movement of pesticides:
- Wind speed over 5 mph
- During inversions
- Just prior to rain or irrigation (unless it is an appropriate amount, such as when incorporating a soil-applied pesticide)
- At tractor speeds of over 2 mph
- Identify and take special care to protect sensitive areas (for example, waterways or riparian areas) surrounding your application site.
- Review and follow labeling for pesticide handling, personal protection equipment (PPE) requirements, storage, and disposal guidelines.
- Check and follow restricted entry intervals (REI) and preharvest intervals (PHI).
- After an application:
- Record application
date, product used, rate, and location of application.
- Follow up
to confirm that treatment was effective.
- Consider water
management practices that
reduce pesticide movement off-site:
- Consider practices that reduce air quality
problems.
- When possible, reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by decreasing the amount of pesti-cide applied, choosing low-emission management methods, and avoiding fumigants and emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations.
- Use the Department of Pesticide Regulation calculators to determine VOC emission rates from fumigant and nonfumigant pesticides.
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